Cliftonia monophylla, commonly known as buckwheat tree or titi, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyrillaceae. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it is found in moist habitats such as swamps, bogs, and along stream banks.
Buckwheat tree is a deciduous shrub or small tree that typically grows to heights of 10 to 30 feet (3 to 9 meters). It is known for its attractive foliage and fragrant flowers. The leaves are leathery, glossy green, and usually lance-shaped, with a smooth margin. The flowers are small, white to pale pink, and grow in clusters at the ends of branches. They bloom in late spring to early summer, attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies.
In addition to its ornamental value, Cliftonia monophylla provides important habitat and food for various wildlife species. Birds, insects, and small mammals are known to feed on its fruits and use the shrub for cover and nesting sites.
Culturally, buckwheat tree has been used in landscaping for its attractive appearance and ability to thrive in wetland environments. Hardy in zones 7-10.