Buxus microphylla, commonly known as littleleaf boxwood or Japanese boxwood, is a compact, evergreen shrub belonging to the Buxaceae family and native to Japan, Taiwan, and parts of mainland China. Renowned for its dense, fine-textured foliage and adaptability, this species has become a cornerstone of formal gardens and landscape design worldwide. Buxus microphylla typically grows 1 to 3 meters (3 to 10 feet) tall, forming a naturally rounded, bushy shape with small, oval, glossy green leaves that remain vibrant throughout the year. The leaves are opposite, leathery, and smooth-edged, creating a lush and uniform appearance that responds well to pruning and shaping. In spring, the shrub produces tiny, pale yellow flowers that, while inconspicuous, are rich in nectar and attract bees and other pollinators. Its slow to moderate growth rate and tolerance of frequent trimming make it ideal for hedges, topiary, foundation plantings, and border edges in both traditional and modern landscapes. Buxus microphylla prefers well-drained soils and partial to full sun but also tolerates shade, drought, and urban conditions, demonstrating impressive versatility. Its dense root system aids in soil stabilization, and its evergreen canopy provides year-round structure and color to gardens. Historically, boxwood has symbolized permanence and order, often used in formal European-style gardens and temple landscapes in Asia. Buxus microphylla remains a timeless choice for gardeners seeking elegance, symmetry, and lasting greenery in both large estates and small ornamental spaces.