Calotropis procera, commonly known as the crown flower or giant milkweed, is a fast-growing, hardy perennial shrub or small tree in the Apocynaceae family, native to arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia and widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas. The plant typically grows 2–6 meters in height, with thick, gray-green, succulent leaves covered in a fine, velvety texture, giving it a silvery appearance. It produces clusters of large, star-shaped flowers that range in color from pale lilac to white, often with a central purple crown, which bloom throughout much of the year in favorable climates and attract a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies. Calotropis procera exudes a milky latex that is highly toxic, deterring herbivores and providing traditional medicinal uses, such as treatments for skin diseases, digestive disorders, and as a source of raw material in folk remedies, though extreme caution is required due to its toxicity. The plant is extremely drought-tolerant, thriving in poor, sandy, and alkaline soils, and is often found in wastelands, roadsides, and degraded lands, where it contributes to soil stabilization and erosion control. Additionally, Calotropis procera has ecological significance as a host plant for the larvae of monarch butterflies and other insects, while its fibers are sometimes used for rope and textiles. Its combination of striking flowers, adaptability to harsh conditions, and cultural and ecological roles makes it an important species in arid-land landscaping, traditional medicine, and wildlife support.
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