Quercus laurifolia, commonly called laurel oak, is a medium sized, mostly deciduous oak of the red oak group that typically grows to 40-60’ (less frequently to 100’) tall with a broad, rounded crown. Scaly, gray trunk to 3-4’ diameter. It is native to coastal plains and Piedmont from Virginia to Florida west to Texas, most frequently being found in low woods, swamp margins and along streams and rivers. Insignificant monoecious yellowish-green flowers in separate male and female catkins appear in spring as the leaves emerge. Fruits are rounded acorns (to 1” long), with shallow cups that extend to approximately 1/4 the acorn length. The acorns do not ripen until fall of the second year, as is the case with most oaks in the red oak group. Acorns are an important source of food for wildlife. Narrow, elliptic to oblong, mostly smooth-margined, leathery, glossy dark green leaves (2-4” long) are pale green beneath. Leaves are semi-evergreen (remain green throughout the fall and most of the winter) in warm coastal climates, but are deciduous further north. Best grown in rich, humusy, acidic, medium to wet, well-drained soils in full sun. Adapts to a wide range of soils including poorly-drained wet clays. A medium shade tree for large lawns or parks. Not recommended for the St. Louis area where it is marginally winter hardy.