Lupinus perennis, commonly known as the wild lupine or sundial lupine, is a flowering plant native to North America. Here's some additional information about this species:
Description: Wild lupine is a herbaceous perennial plant that typically grows up to 1 to 2 feet (30 to 60 cm) tall. It features palmately compound leaves with 7 to 11 leaflets, arranged in a spiral along the stem. The flowers are pea-like, arranged in erect racemes, and come in various shades of blue, violet, pink, or white. The bloom time is typically in late spring to early summer.
Habitat: Lupinus perennis is commonly found in dry open woods, prairies, meadows, savannas, and along roadsides. It prefers well-drained soils and is often found in sandy or gravelly areas.
Ecological Importance: Wild lupine serves as a host plant for the larvae of several butterfly species, including the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Plebejus melissa samuelis) in certain regions. The plant's relationship with these butterflies is crucial for their survival, as the larvae feed exclusively on lupine leaves. Conservation efforts for wild lupine habitats are therefore important for the preservation of these butterfly populations.
Cultural Significance: Wild lupine has been historically used by various indigenous tribes for medicinal purposes, such as treating skin conditions, respiratory ailments, and digestive issues. Additionally, some tribes utilized parts of the plant for food or in ceremonial practices.
Conservation: In some regions, wild lupine populations face threats due to habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation. Conservation efforts aimed at protecting and restoring its habitats are essential for the preservation of both the plant and the species that depend on it, such as the Karner blue butterfly. Hardy in zones 3-8.