Mespilus germanica, commonly known as the medlar, is a deciduous tree native to Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe. It belongs to the Rosaceae family, which also includes apples and pears. Here are some key points about Mespilus germanica:
Appearance: The medlar tree typically grows to a height of 4 to 8 meters (13 to 26 feet) and has broad, ovate leaves with serrated edges. The flowers are white or pale pink, and the fruit resembles a small apple or quince.
Fruit: The fruit of the medlar is unusual in that it is harvested when it's still hard and unripe, then left to "blet" or soften. Bletting involves allowing the fruit to undergo a partial fermentation process, which transforms its texture and flavor. Ripe medlar fruit has a brownish skin and a soft, custard-like flesh with a sweet, tangy flavor reminiscent of spiced apples and dates.
Cultivation: Medlar trees prefer well-drained soil and full sun. They are tolerant of various soil types, including clay and loam. The trees are hardy and can withstand cold temperatures, making them suitable for temperate climates. They are often propagated by grafting onto rootstocks.
Uses: Historically, medlar fruit was popular in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance periods. It was commonly eaten fresh or used in cooking to make preserves, jams, and jellies. Today, medlar fruit is less widely consumed but is still appreciated by enthusiasts for its unique flavor and culinary versatility.
Ornamental Value: In addition to its fruit-bearing qualities, the medlar tree is valued for its ornamental appearance. It produces attractive flowers in spring and has a distinctive branching structure that adds visual interest to landscapes.